Test & Measurement
 478 results found for Test & Measurement, displaying items 1 - 20

August 2010
Signal Generators Suit Military Testing
Signal generators can be among the most versatile of test instruments, since their main function is to emulate the signals handled by modern electronic systems and components. At one time, a signal generator was simply a test source. It was not designated for “commercial” applications or for “military” testing. But such test sources were also not designed for complex modulation formats, typically providing only amplitude modulation (AM), frequency...  — Jack Browne

August 2010
Measuring MIMO In LTE Tx And Rx Tests
Fourth-generation (4G) wireless communications systems promise to support the demands of customers for increasing network capacity for voice, data, and streaming video. Systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks incorporate novel communications techniques, such as multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna configurations using two or more transmit/receive chains, and takes advantage of the differences in radio transmission paths between...  — Janine Whitacre

August 2010
Portable VNAs Tune Filters In The Field
Vector network analyzers (VNAs) were once found only in a facility’s equipment racks. But compact instruments like the VNA Master line from Anritsu Co. (www.us.anritsu.com) pack two-port VNA measurement capability into an enclosure about the size of a notepad computer, with equal portability. These portable test tools allow engineers to tune filters and phase-match cables on site and in the field. And with the latest editions of VNA Masters offering high-frequency...  — Jack Browne

August 2010
The New VNA Masters At A Glance
Portable instrumentation used to imply a digital multimeter (DMM) or some other fairly simple measurement tool. But the latest family of VNA Master portable VNAs redefine the amount of measurement capability possiible from a handheld package. Ideal for cable and antenna measurements in the field, the VNA Master instruments include models MS2026B with a frequency range of 5 kHz to 6 GHz and model MS2028B, with coverage of 5 kHz to 20 GHz. And, although...  — Jack Browne

August 2010
Scopes Surface From New Source
Oscilloscopes are those workhorse instruments that belong on every test bench, next to a digital multimeter. They are invaluable, and models suited for microwave work have been available for some time from trusted names in test. But Rohde & Schwarz was not one of them, until now. The supplier has finally entered the digital scope market with its R&S RTO series with bandwidths to 2 GHz and its R&S RTM series with bandwidths to 500 MHz. ...  — Jack Browne

August 2010
Cross Correlation Cuts Phase Noise
Phase noise is a key specification for many RF and microwave systems, although measuring it can often be problematic. However, the innovative Dual Channel Phase Noise Test System (DCNTS) from NoiseXT is a two-channel amplitude and phase noise analyzer that can measure absolute phase noise through 50 GHz and residual phase noise to 18 GHz. It employs a dual-demodulator architecture that allows the use...  — Jack Browne

July 2010
Measuring MIMO Performance Levels
Communications systems designers have reached for a variety of different techniques to squeeze maximum capacity from minimum bandwidths. One of these approaches involves the use of multiple signals as part of a multiple-input, multiple- output (MIMO) antenna configuration. MIMO techniques are used in a number of newer wireless standards, including in IEEE 802.11n wireless local area networks (WLANs), IEEE 802.16-2004 Fixed WiMAX, IEEE 802.16e Mobile...  — Jack Browne

July 2010
Rohde & Schwarz Enters Global Scope Arena
Munich, Germany: Test and measurement specialist Rohde & Schwarz (R&S) chose the picturesque setting of Tegernsee in Southern Bavaria to announce its entry into the global oscilloscope market. Speaking at the event, R&S President and CEO Michael Vohrer said, “Our customers expect us to offer a complete line of products, and that includes oscilloscopes. To meet this demand, we are introducing a total of six new products of which we are extremely proud” (...  — Paul Whytock

July 2010
Oscilloscope Characterizes Designs Beyond 40 Gb/s
A wide-bandwidth oscilloscope is vowing to help engineers see the true performance of their designs on signals from 50 Mb/s to more than 40 Gb/s. The mainframe platform of the 86100D DCA-X permits engineers to make next-generation measurements that include integrated de-embedding capability. It scales from 2 ps/div to 1 s/div. The oscilloscope offers delays of 24 ns minimum with a maximum of 1000 screen diameters or 10 s (whichever is smaller). It provides time ...  — Nancy Friedrich

June 30, 2010
AWG Clocks To 4.2 GSamples/s
 — Jack Browne

June/July 2010 Defense Electronics Supplement
Apply An AWG For Power Design
Arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) are invaluable tools for creating a wide array of signals for testing RF and power electronic circuits. Modern AWGs are typically based on direct digital synthesizer (DDS) technology to convert digital input words into high-speed output waveforms by means of a high-resolution digitalto- analog converter (DAC). A basic AWG can provide a variety of standard waveforms, including pulse, square, ramp, triangle, and sine-wave...  — Steven M. Sandler

June 2010
Check Chirp Effects On FMCW GPRs
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems are powerful tools for nondestructive, noninvasive subsurface detection.1,2 These systems are suitable for measuring the geometric parameters of buried objects,3 locating bars of armor, detecting cavities or breaks inside structures,4 and groundwater detection.5 GPR has widespread application in civil engineering for such tasks as investigating reinforced concrete ...  — Roslee Mardeni , et al.

June 2010
Modeling PA Behavior And Memory Effects, Part 1
Digital wireless communications systems offer numerous advantages over their analog predecessors, including improved services and security.1-4 But these digital systems also place greater demands on analog components in the system, including the power amplifiers (PAs) because of the complexity of the digitally modulated waveforms.5 To achieve the required levels of PA performance in terms of power, linearity, and...  —

June 2010
USB Power Meters Perform Measurements To 20 GHz
THE LB679A AND LB680A Universal Serial Bus (USB) microwave power meters measure average, pulse, and peak envelope power over a 60-dB measurement range from 50 MHz to 20 GHz. The LB680A provides pulseenvelope profiling measurement capability for repetitive signals. It also offers an optional wideband, real-time video detector output signal (option 0W2) for measuring one-shot signals and timing events. Both models include the patent-pending ...  — Nancy Friedrich

May 2010
Tackling MIMO In WiMAX Testing
WiMAX broadband mobile wireless communications systems promise expanded voice, data, and video services. To do so, however, they face a number of transmission hurdles, including limited bandwidth, interference, and multipath conditions. With advanced digital modulation schemes, the bandwidth can be put to optimum use. And with multiple antenna formats, such as multiple-input, multiple- output (MIMO) schemes, multipath can be a benefit. ...  — Jack Browne

May 2010
Sizing Up RF Switch Systems
Microwave test systems often include one or more RF/microwave switches to allow automated testing as well as measurements on multiple devices under test (DUTs). When configuring a highfrequency switching system for test applications, it is important to understand the type of switch and multiplexer options available as well as the critical switch specifications when choosing a switch. Switch systems for RF and microwave applications ...  — Robert Green , et al.

May 2010
High-Speed Scopes Race To 32 GHz
Oscilloscopes are versatile, workhorse test instruments, ideal for high-speed circuit characterization. But for microwave measurements, they have rarely been considered on par with a vector network analyzer (VNA).With the introduction of the Infiniium 90000 X-Series of digital oscilloscopes from Agilent Technologies (www.agilent.com), that thinking may change. These high-performance oscilloscopes come in 10 models with real-time bandwidths ranging...  — Jack Browne

May 2010
Reference Sources Reduce Size, Noise
Reference signal sources set the spectral standards for a wide range of phase-lockedloop (PLL) applications, from clock translators in measurement instruments to ground-based and airborne radar systems. Traditional references sources, such as crystal, ceramic, or surfaceacoustic- wave (SAW) oscillators, are based on high-quality-factor (high-Q) resonators. They are generally limited to fundamental frequencies of about 1 GHz and must be multiplied to...  — Ulrich L. Rohde , et al.

May 2010
PXI Modules Cover 100 kHz To 26.5 GHz
A NEW FAMILY OF RF/MICROWAVE FUNCTION MODULES promises to provide configurable test and measurement solutions for both commercial and military applications. The family consists of five PXI (3U) modules available in any of six primary configurations covering 100 kHz to 2.9 GHz, 2.7 to 26.5 GHz, and 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz. The family consists of the Preselector Module, Microwave Downconverter Module, RF Downconverter Module, Local Oscillator (LO) Module, and IF Downconverter...  — Nancy Friedrich

May 2010
Precision Cables Preserve Microwave Measurement Accuracy
Precision cables are usually the last addition to a microwave test system. Often, they are an afterthought. The wrong cables, however, can add unstable electrical characteristics to the system and unreliable test results. For that reason, it is important to select coaxial interconnects for testing with great care. It is best to choose cables that will not only deliver phase and amplitude stability and low loss, but are rugged and reliable. For use with...  — Ashok Bindra





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