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  • Sep. 17, 2012
    Article

    Amplifier Systems Simplify Integration

    Amplifier systems were once associated only with test-and-measurement equipment as a means of boosting low-level test signals. But ready-to-use amplifier systems have gained acceptance for a growing number of applications, including in radar platforms, electronic-warfare (EW) systems, electronic-countermeasure (ECM) systems, and satellite-communications (satcom) networks....More
  • Sep. 13, 2012
    Article

    CRLH, DCRLH Cells Create Novel Prototype

    Signal-interference technology represents a departure in microwave circuit design, as evidenced by this novel united prototype circuit....More
  • Sep. 13, 2012
    Article

    Design A Double-Layer Shield

    Double-layer shields are effective tools for achieving electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in a wide range of high-frequency circuits. To better understand the capabilities of a double-layer shield, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of this type of shield was evaluated by modifying its geometric parameters; also altered were the electromagnetic (EM) parameters of the filling between the two shield layers....More
  • Sep. 5, 2012
    Article

    Utah State Upgrades FM Station

    One of this country’s few remaining unmanned frequency-modulated (FM) radio transmitter sites—at 12,000-ft. altitude in the mountains of Utah—will be receiving an upgrade, thanks to Jampro Antennas....More
  • Sep. 5, 2012
    Article

    Wind Tunnel Aids Thermal Management

    Thermal studies just got easier, thanks to a closed-loop wind tunnel capable of characterizing a device under test (DUT) at temperatures to +85°C....More
  • Aug. 27, 2012
    Article

    When Will 4G Make The Great VoLTE Leap Forward? 1

    For all of the hype surrounding Long-Term-Evolution (LTE), it has one inherent flaw: the inability to support voice communication. Voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) technology is attempting to solve that problem....More
  • Aug. 14, 2012
    Article

    Assessing Different Ultranarrowband Formats 1

    Conventional modulation formats make use of upper and lower sidebands to send information with a carrier signal. Some formats use both sidebands, and are categorized as double-sideband (DSB) modulation, while some methods can transfer information by means of single-sideband (SSB) modulation. Ultrawideband (UWB) modulation spreads signals across a wide expanse of bandwidth, while ultranarrowband (UNB) modulation does not require the use of the sideband spectra....More
  • Aug. 10, 2012
    Article

    Small Cells Herald New Infrastructure Model 2

    The same story is being told in many places: Now that high-bandwidth applications have been adopted en masse by cellular-phone and tablet users, wireless system operators are running out of capacity. As they face this shortage, consumers are rapidly growing in number and adopting more data-intensive applications. As a result, there has been much debate and hand-wringing over how sufficient capacity can be provided. The answer is a new approach to cellular infrastructure—the heterogeneous network (HetNet)....More
  • Aug. 9, 2012
    Article

    Become Familiar With The Basics Of Fading

    With technology taking advantage of more complex channel characteristics, channel modeling is becoming both more critical and complex. It must account for all aspects of the radio environment in order to ensure that measurements in the lab accurately correlate to the quality of the user’s experience. This goal is made difficult, however, by aspects like the effects of bandwidth on a receiver’s ability to resolve multipath components....More
  • Aug. 9, 2012
    Article

    Maximize Stability In GPS Frequency Standards

    The Global Positioning System (GPS) has evolved in both its specification and the capabilities delivered by its satellites. Similarly, the equipment that uses the precise output data from those satellites has grown in quantity, variety, and its ability to support key infrastructure elements and higher performance demands. In a 10-page white paper titled, "Design Considerations for Optimizing Stability in GPS Disciplined Frequency Standards," Precise Time and Frequency, Inc....More
  • Aug. 8, 2012
    Article

    UC Irvine Offers Free Systems Seminar

    Systems engineering was once associated with military electronics, but is now playing an increasingly important role in commercial, industrial, and even medical electronics areas....More
  • Aug. 1, 2012
    Article

    Radio Amplifier Earns JITC Grade

    AR Modular RF has received Joint Interoperability Test Command (JITC) certification for its KMW2030 tactical radio amplifier system when used with the Harris PRC-117G tactical radio from Harris Corp. The amplifier, which was previously certified for use with the PRC 117F and the PSC-5D radios, operates from 30 to 512 MHz when used with the model KMW2030P external low-noise preamplifier for the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) satellite communications (satcom) band....More
  • Jul. 26, 2012
    Article

    Transmitter/Receiver Manages MIMO

    Fast data transfers usually require large bandwidths. But the use of multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques can also boost data rates for available bandwidths, as shown with this high-performance two-way transmitter and receiver design operating with a 100-MHz bandwidth at 8.05 GHz. It boasts excellent performance, with a receiver noise figure of 2.7 dB and transmitter output power of +17 dBm at 8.05 GHz and associated third-order intermodulation (IM3) level of −41.4 dBc....More
  • Jul. 25, 2012
    Article

    Receiver Corrals 60 To 90 GHz

    Millimeter-wave frequencies (30 to 300 GHz) were once considered out of reach for most applications due to the fine dimensions and tolerance of the circuits and components needed to support those small wavelengths. But as the bandwidths of lower frequencies become increasingly saturated, higher-frequency ranges (including millimeter-wave frequencies) appear more attractive for communications systems needed to transport large amounts of data, video, and voice....More
  • Model A20-MH205
    Jul. 9, 2012
    Article

    Assemblies Combine Multiple Components

    Microwave component manufacturers take many approaches to what are commonly known as integrated microwave assemblies (IMAs). Some tie analog components together exclusively, with others adding digital control, signal processing, and even microprocessors. But while the design philosophies applied to IMAs may vary, the intent of these multifunction modules is the same: to save space in a larger system....More
  • Jul. 9, 2012
    Article

    Transceivers Trim Power In WPANs

      Wireless technology, according to its basic definition, is a way to use radio waves to replace wires. For many, the premiere wireless example is cellular communications. But wireless technology also has many shorter-distance, lower-power applications; the markets are vast for short-range wireless modules and integrated circuits (ICs) for such things as monitoring, remote control, and telemetry. These applications do not have the same bandwidth and data-rate demands as their better-known cellular counterparts, but they must consume extremely low power....More
  • The Linx NT module
    Jul. 9, 2012
    Article

    Medical Applications Seek Wireless Solutions

    Medical and industrial wireless applications often involve machine-to-machine or machine-to-human communications. Typically using unlicensed frequencies in the industrial-scientific-medical (ISM) bands, these applications are considerably different from what most wireless users consider communications....More
  • Jul. 2, 2012
    Article
    Microwaves and RF

    Introducing Wireless Standards of the Future: IEEE 802.11ac and LTE-Advanced

    In this article, we’ll take a look the physical layer characteristics of the hottest wireless standards and explain how higher data rates are achieved. More specifically, we’ll look at how features such as more spatial streams, carrier aggregation, and higher-order modulation schemes directly correspond to higher data throughput. Finally, we’ll look at how evolutions in the physical layer for each standard create new test challenges for today’s RF engineer....More
  • Jun. 14, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    Products Range To MM Waves

    For the first time, API Technologies Corp. has assembled its full line of RF, microwave, and millimeter-wave products on one exhibit floor: the 2012 IMS exhibition. API will showcase its extensive lines of components and subsystems, including amplifiers ......More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    Amplifier Drives 400 W To 500 MHz 1

    Model SSPA 01-05-400 is a high-power amplifier system that delivers 400 W output power from 100 to 500 MHz. Suitable for linear military communications systems, the amplifier is designed for harsh environments and operating conditions. It requires just ......More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    SS Method Employs Novel Encryption

    This spread-spectrum communications approach is based on true random sequence encryption for improved data-transfer efficiency and enhanced security compared to traditional systems....More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    Latest Wi-Fi Certification Rolls Out

    With more than 1 billion Wi-Fi devices shipped in 2011 alone, it's indisputable that wires are ceding ground to this technology in the so-called "digital home." Indeed, ABI Research predicts annual growth rate for Wi-Fi consumer devices over the next ......More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    Radar Systems Ride Device Advances

    Efforts to make a wide array of military and commercial radar systems smalLer, lighter, and less expensive depend largely on increased digital processing and higher levels of analog integration....More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    Radar System Tracks Test-Missile Stages

    IN A RECENT DEMONSTRATION, the XSTAR instrumentation radar system successfully tracked both the launch and fl ight of a multi-stage test missile (see photo). This system, which is the brainchild of General Dynamics and STAR Dynamics, promises ......More
  • Jun. 13, 2012
    article
    Microwaves and RF

    SBIRS Stays The Course

    One of the United States highest-priority space programsthe Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS)recently hit another milestone toward completion....More

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