Several challenges are associated with satellite-communication (satcom) missions, such as latency, channel loss, and moving targets like airplanes or a satellite in orbit. In the case of moving assets, the channel becomes dynamic and dependent on the mission dynamics. Capturing dynamic channel properties, such as delay, Doppler shift, fading, and noise, is critical throughout the design life cycle. This article will discuss the design and analysis of a low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite custom wideband signal as it goes through the different stages from bits in to bits out. A series of signal impairments are added, including satellite movement dynamics (also known as kinematics).
The starting point for any architect of a complex system design is understanding what will be required for mission success.